Part II:  Women in Sports: 

How Has Women’s Participation Changed?

           In 1972, Education Amendments were made in the United States.  These amendments, called Title IX, were made to improve our country’s educational system.  One of the amendments was to prohibit sex discrimination in educational programs that receive federal funds.  High school and college sports fall under this amendment.

          In the 1970’s, before Title IX, female college athletes participated in sports without scholarship assistance, with very little monetary backing for coaches, medical assistance, or training.  They were often forced to find their own transportation to games, and did not have official school uniforms.  Their sports seasons were also very short.  At this point in time, women were not acknowledged for their athletic accomplishments.

          After 1972, things changed drastically for female athletes. In 1980 the number of varsity teams for women in college campuses grew from a 1972 average of 2.5 to 6.48. By the end of the 1980s the number had grown to about 7.2. The growth continued even in the face of Title IX’s loss of influence over college athletics and physical education programs for four years as a result of a 1984 United States Supreme Court decision.

          In the 1990’s and on the amount of varsity teams has continued to grow.  In 2004 the number of college teams for women offered on campus dropped a bit from 8.34 in 2002 to 8.32.  However, there were a total of 8,402 teams available to women athletes at National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) schools across the country.  There are over 600 colleges currently in the NCAA.  Today, women are encouraged to participate in sports at all levels.

          For a long time it was frowned upon for women to participate in sports.  In the United States that social stigma has changed within the last 30 years.  In today’s society it is an equal right for women to participate and be recognized for sports.  Women should be proud of their success in sports today.

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